bv

Bit-vector arithmetic library

https://github.com/iagoabal/haskell-bv

LTS Haskell 22.39:0.5
Stackage Nightly 2024-10-31:0.5
Latest on Hackage:0.5

See all snapshots bv appears in

BSD-3-Clause licensed and maintained by Iago Abal
This version can be pinned in stack with:bv-0.5@sha256:2acb4e3bc8cbe5795c2cb0865832d5c220b55f89153acf986445704fc072bff7,2112

Module documentation for 0.5

A library for bit-vector arithmetic in Haskell

Bit-vectors are represented as a pair of a size and a value, where sizes are of type Int and values are Integer. Operations on bit-vectors are translated into operations on integers. Remarkably, most operations taking two or more bit-vectors, will perform zero-padding to adjust the size of the input bit-vectors when needed (eg. when adding bit-vectors of different sizes). Indexing operators don’t do this, to avoid masking out of bounds errors.

Other libraries

There exist many Haskell libraries to handle bit-vectors, but to the best of my knowledge bv is the only one that adequately supports bit-vector arithmetic.

If you do not need bit-vector arithmetic, then you may consider using any of these other libraries, which could offer more compact and efficient implementations of bit arrays.

Importing and name clashes

Many exported functions name-clash with Prelude functions, it is therefore recommended to do a qualified import:

import           Data.BitVector ( BV )
import qualified Data.BitVector as BV

Running the test suite

If you wish to run the test suite simply:

cabal configure -ftest
cabal build

Then run:

dist/build/bv-tester/bv-tester

Performance

Tip: For best performance compile with -fgmp.

Tip: If you are brave enough, compile with -f -check-bounds (disables index bounds checking).

The BV datatype is simply a pair of an Int, to represent the size, and an arbitrary-precision Integer, to represent the value of a bit-vector. Both fields are strict, and we instruct GHC to unbox strict fields. Further, we ask GHC to inline virtually all bit-vector operations. When inlined, GHC should be able to remove any overhead associated with the BV data type, and unbox bit-vector sizes. Performance should depend mostly on the Integer data type implementation.

Changes

0.5.0

Note that changes in fromInteger and toInteger implementations break backwards compatibility. I hope this will not cause major problems, let me know otherwise.

  • Make bv with compatible with GHC 8.4.1 (base 4.11). Thanks to Kosyrev Serge!
  • Define toInteger as int rather than nat.
  • Make fromInteger consistent and always encode in two’s complement, also positive integers.
  • As a result of the two previous changes, now toInteger . fromInteger == id, as it should be.
  • Add Read BV instance (based on Text.Read, so GHC-only).
  • Fix a few bugs in the non-GMP implementation. (Fortunately, GMP is the default.)
  • Remove upper bounds on testing dependencies.

0.4.1

Another maintenance release:

  • Fix compilation error with GHC 8.0.1.
  • Add `check-bounds’ flag so the user decides whether to perform bounds checking.

0.4.0

This is a maintenance release, but it introduces changes to the API that required a new major version. In summary, I have fixed a few bugs, optimized a few functions, and added a few more properties (tests). Apart from that, and the usual clean up, there are also a handful of new API functions that I judged useful.

For performance reasons, this release introduces GMP specific optimizations. The GMP-based backend is automatically used if available, unless -f -gmp is specified.

Dependencies

Only if the library is compiled with -fgmp (it will, by default, if possible):

  • Depend on the ghc-prim package, the GHC’s internal representation of primitive types.
  • Depend on the integer-gmp package, the Haskell bindings for GNU’s GMP library.
  • Use MagicHash extension to work with unboxed machine integers.

Interface

  • Added bitVecs (list of bit-vector literals).
  • Added @: (indexing of multiple bits).
  • Added pow as an optimized exponentiation function.
  • Fixed bitVec (value must fit bit-with).
  • Fixed negate (wrong on zero bit-vector).
  • Define and and or for the case of an empty list.
  • Declared Monoid instance for bit-vector (monoid under concanetation).
  • Define join for the case of an empty list (it must be equivalent to mconcat).
  • Optimized when using the GMP backend: fromBits, fromInteger, and lg2.
  • Remove uninteresting maxNat function from export list.

0.3.0

This is a maintenance release, but it introduces changes to the API that required a new major version.

Dependencies

  • Increase base version to 4.6.
  • Support base 4.7 (new methods were added to the Bits type-class).
  • Use of CPP extension for conditional compilation.

Interface

  • Replace assertions by errors when checking preconditions of exported functions.
  • Use proper names for functions and encourage qualified import, names ended with underscore are now deprecated.
  • Add lsb1 function to complement msb1.
  • Tweak code and documentation.