mysql-haskell

Hackage

mysql-haskell is a MySQL driver written entirely in haskell.

Is it fast?

In short, select(decode) is about 1.5 times slower than pure c/c++ but 5 times faster than mysql-simple, insert (encode) is about 1.5 times slower than pure c/c++, there’re many factors involved(tls, prepared statment, batch using multiple statement):

Above figures showed the time to:

  • perform a “select * from employees” from a sample table
  • insert 1000 rows into a 29-columns table per thread with auto-commit off.

The benchmarks are run by my MacBook Pro 13’ 2015.

Motivation

While MySQL may not be the most advanced sql database, it’s widely used among China companies, including but not limited to Baidu, Alibaba, Tecent etc., but haskell’s MySQL support is not ideal, we only have a very basic MySQL binding written by Bryan O’Sullivan, and some higher level wrapper built on it, which have some problems:

  • lack of prepared statment and binary protocol support.

  • limited concurrency due to FFI.

  • no replication protocol support.

mysql-pure is intended to solve these problems, and provide foundation for higher level libraries such as groundhog and persistent, so that accessing MySQL is both fast and easy in haskell.

Guide

The Database.MySQL.Base module provides everything you need to start making queries:

{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}

module Main where

import Database.MySQL.Base
import qualified System.IO.Streams as Streams

main :: IO () 
main = do
    conn <- connect
        defaultConnectInfo {ciUser = "username", ciPassword = "password", ciDatabase = "dbname"}
    (defs, is) <- query_ conn "SELECT * FROM some_table"
    print =<< Streams.toList is

query/query_ will return a column definition list, and an InputStream of rows, you should consume this stream completely before start new queries.

It’s recommanded to use prepared statement to improve query speed:

    ...
    s <- prepareStmt conn "SELECT * FROM some_table where person_age > ?"
    ...
    (defs, is) <- queryStmt conn s [MySQLInt32U 18]
    ...

If you want to do batch inserting/deleting/updating, you can use executeMany to save considerable time.

The Database.MySQL.BinLog module provides binlog listenning functions and row-based event decoder, following program will automatically get last binlog position, and print every row event it receives:

{-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-}
module Main where

import           Control.Monad         (forever)
import qualified Database.MySQL.BinLog as MySQL
import qualified System.IO.Streams     as Streams

main :: IO () 
main = do
    conn <- MySQL.connect 
        MySQL.defaultConnectInfo
          { MySQL.ciUser = "username"
          , MySQL.ciPassword = "password"
          , MySQL.ciDatabase = "dbname"
          }
    MySQL.getLastBinLogTracker conn >>= \ case
        Just tracker -> do
            es <- MySQL.decodeRowBinLogEvent =<< MySQL.dumpBinLog conn 1024 tracker False
            forever $ do
                Streams.read es >>= \ case
                    Just v  -> print v
                    Nothing -> return ()
        Nothing -> error "can't get latest binlog position"

Build Test Benchmark

Just use the old way:

git clone https://github.com/winterland1989/mysql-pure.git
cd mysql-pure
cabal install --enable-tests --only-dependencies
cabal build

Running tests require:

  • A local MySQL server, a user testMySQLHaskell and a database testMySQLHaskell, you can do it use following script:
mysql -u root -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS testMySQLHaskell;"
mysql -u root -e "CREATE USER 'testMySQLHaskell'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ''"
mysql -u root -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testMySQLHaskell.* TO 'testMySQLHaskell'@'localhost'"
mysql -u root -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"
  • Enable binlog by adding log_bin = filename to my.cnf or add --log-bin=filename to the server, and grant replication access to testMySQLHaskell with:
mysql -u root -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'testMySQLHaskell'@'localhost';"
  • Set binlog_format to ROW.

  • Set max_allowed_packet to larger than 256M(for test large packet).

New features will be automatically tested by inspecting MySQL server’s version, travis is keeping an eye on following combinations:

  • CABALVER=1.18 GHCVER=7.8.4 MYSQLVER=5.5
  • CABALVER=1.22 GHCVER=7.10.2 MYSQLVER=5.5
  • CABALVER=1.24 GHCVER=8.0.1 MYSQLVER=5.5
  • CABALVER=1.24 GHCVER=8.0.1 MYSQLVER=5.6
  • CABALVER=1.24 GHCVER=8.0.1 MYSQLVER=5.7

Please reference .travis.yml if you have problems with setting up test environment.

Enter benchmark directory and run ./bench.sh to benchmark 1) c++ version 2) mysql-pure 3) FFI version mysql, you may need to:

  • Modify bench.sh(change the include path) to get c++ version compiled.
  • Modify mysql-pure-bench.cabal(change the openssl’s lib path) to get haskell version compiled.
  • Setup MySQL’s TLS support, modify MySQLHaskellOpenSSL.hs/MySQLHaskellTLS.hs to change the CA file’s path, and certificate’s subject name.
  • Adjust rts options -N to get best results.

With -N10 on my company’s 24-core machine, binary protocol performs almost identical to c version!

Reference

MySQL official site provided intensive document, but without following project, mysql-pure may not be written at all:

License

Copyright (c) 2016, winterland1989

All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
  disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
  with the distribution.

* Neither the name of winterland1989 nor the names of other
  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Changes

Revision history for mysql-haskell

1.1.4 – 2024.02.17

  • bump constraints

1.1.3 – 2023.08.30

  • bump constraints

1.1.2 – 2023.08.14

  • Fix package name of changelog
  • Drop support for RC4 chipher which is depracated
  • drop dependency on binary-ieee754, which was unused.
  • Fix text 2 support, thanks @RikvanToor

1.1.1 – 2023.08.14

  • cleaned up some warnings
  • Merge back into mysql-haskell after gaining hackage access.
  • Deprecate mysql-pure in favor of old hackage since it’s only been out for a day this sort off stream lines upgrading for most applications. Cabal will just figure it out, rather then users having to “find” mysql-pure. I’ll just make a bonus announcement to let people not depend on mysql-pure.

1.1.0 – 2023.08.12

There was a bunch of stuff unrelated to mysql which I purged. If you need any on these go depend on the respective unmaintained package.

  • Delete module System.IO.Streams.UnixSocket
  • Dleete module Data.Binary.Parser.Char8
  • Delete module System.IO.Streams.Binary

1.0.2 – 2023.08.12

  • Bump dependencies, go all into crypton
  • merge tcp-streams into the package

1.0.1 – 2023.08.12

  • add json testfiles as extra source files to make tests pass in nix builds

1.0.0 – 2023.08.12

  • Fork from mysql-haskell into mysql-pure

  • add flake

  • merge packages:

    • word24
    • binary-parsers
    • wirestreams

    This involved copying over all source files, furthermore I copied in all tests and benchmarks. The tests are now one giant test suite. I temporarly disabled the mysql tests as they need a mysql database to run which won’t work nicely with CI right now. However you can run these locally by uncommenting that line.

  • Add CI which relies on native cabal instead of stack

  • Add an action to automatically bump version.

  • Add nightly build cron job.

0.8.4.3 – 2020-11-04

  • Fix build with GHC 8.8.

0.8.4.2 – 2019-01-22

0.8.4.1 – 2018-10-23

  • Relax tasty version bound to build with latest stackage. #26

0.8.4.0 – 2018-10-23

  • Add executeMany_ to execute batch SQLs, #26.
  • Optimize connection closing sequence, #20, #25.

0.8.3.0 – 2017-10-09

  • Remove unnecessary exports from Database.MySQL.Base.
  • Reuse TCP connection when using TLS.
  • Clean up some compiler warnings.

0.8.2.0 – 2017-10-09

Courtesy of naushadh, mysql-haskell will be on stackage again.

  • Update to use tcp-streams-1.x.
  • Fix compatibility with new tls/memory version.

0.8.1.0 – 2016-11-09

  • Add Show instance to ConnectInfo.
  • Add proper version bound for binary.

0.8.0.0 – 2016-11-09

  • Add ciCharset field to support utf8mb4 charset.
  • Add BitMap field to COM_STMT_EXECUTE, and #8 by alexbiehl.

0.7.1.0 – 2016-11-21

  • Add QueryParam class and Param datatype for multi-valued parameter(s) by naushadh.

0.7.0.0 – 2016-11-09

  • Split openssl support to mysql-haskell-openssl.
  • Expose Database.MySQL.Connection module due to this split, it shouldn’t be used by user directly.

0.6.0.0 – 2016-10-25

  • Use binary-ieee754 for older binary compatibility.
  • Clean up Database.MySQL.Protocol.MySQLValue ’s export.

0.5.1.0 – 2016-10-20

  • Add queryVector, queryVector_ and queryStmtVector.
  • Use binary-parsers to speed up binary parsers.

0.5.0.0 – 2016-8-22

  • Export exception types.
  • Fix a regression cause password authentication failed, add tests.
  • Fix a reading order bug cause ‘prepareStmt/prepareStmtDetail’ failed.

0.4.0.0 – 2016-8-22

  • Enable TLS support via tls package, add benchmarks.

0.3.0.0 – 2016-8-22

  • Fix tls connection, change TLS implementation to HsOpenSSL, add benchmarks.
  • Fix a bug in ‘putLenEncInt’ which cause sending large field fail.
  • Various optimizations.

0.2.0.0 – 2016-8-19

  • Fix OK packet decoder.
  • Fix sending large packet(>16M).
  • Add executeMany, withTransaction to Base module.
  • Add timestamp field to RowBinLogEvent.
  • Add test, add insert benchmark.

0.1.0.0 – 2016-8-16

  • First version. Released on an unsuspecting world.